Article 1 :   Meaning of the Child

A child means every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier.

Article 41: Respect for superior national standards

Nothing in the present Convention shall affect any provisions which are more conducive to the realization of the rights of the child.

Article 20: Children deprived of family environment

Special protection and assistance must be provided by the State to ensure the alternative care for such a child taking into consideration the child’s upbringing and to the child’s ethnic, religious, cultural and linguistic background.

Article 18: Parental responsibilities

Both parents have common responsibilities for the upbringing and development of the child

Article 38: War and armed conflicts

States Parties shall take all feasible measures to ensure that persons who have not attained the age of fifteen years do not take a direct part in, and to ensure protection and care of children who are affected by an armed conflict.

Article 9: Separation from parents

States Parties shall ensure that a child shall not be separated from his or her parents, that such separation is necessary for the best interests of the child, and respect the right of the child to maintain contact with both parents on a regular basis

Article 22: Refugee children

States Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that a refugee child shall receive appropriate protection and humanitarian assistance in the enjoyment of applicable rights set forth in the present Convention.

Article 33: Drug abuse

The right to protection of children from the illicit use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and to prevent the use of children in the illicit production and trafficking of such substances

Article 7: Registration, name, nationality, care

The child shall have the right from birth to a name, the right to acquire a nationality and the right to know and be cared for by his or her parents.

Article 14: Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

States Parties shall respect the right of the child to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, and respect the rights and duties of the parents and to provide direction to the child in the exercise of his or her right in a manner consistent with the evolving capacities of the child.

Article 12: Respect for the views of the child

States Parties shall assure to the child who is capable of forming his or her own views related to his or her interests including the judicial or administrative measures

Article 3 : Best Interests of the child

All actions concerning child and the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration.

States Parties must undertake to ensure the child such protection and the necessary care as is necessary for his or her well-being in case of absence of the parents’ care.

Article 13: Freedom of expression

The child shall have the right to freedom of expression of all kinds, ask for information, acquire and disseminate them with the laws.

Article 42: Knowledge of rights

States Parties undertake to make the principles and provision of the Convention widely known, by appropriate and active means, to adults and children alike.

Article 36: Other forms of exploitation

The right of the child to be protected against all other forms of exploitation prejudicial to any aspects of the child’s welfare.

Article 27: Adequate standard of living

The right of every child to a standard of living adequate for the child’s physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development. The parent(s) for the child have the primary responsibility to secure the conditions of living necessary for the child’s development, and States Parties shall take the financial responsibility for the child, both within the State Party and from abroad. In particular, where the person having financial responsibility for the child lives in a State different from that of the child, States Parties shall promote the accession to international agreements or the conclusion of such agreements, as well as the making of other appropriate arrangements.

Article 17: Access to information

The right of the child to access to information from a diversity of national and international sources, especially those aimed at the promotion of his or her social, spiritual, moral well-being, physical and mental health.

Article 2 : Non-discrimination

All the rights are applicable on children without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child’s or his or her parent’s or legal guardian’s race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national,
ethnic or social origin, property, or disability

Article 32: Child labour

The right of the child to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical development.

Article 21: Adoption

States Parties that recognize and/or permit the system of adoption shall ensure that the best interests of the adopted child.